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What is the basic transmission cycle of WNV?

Mosquitoes become infected when they feed on infected birds, which may circulate the virus in their blood for a few days. After a short incubation period, the infected mosquito can then transmit WNV to humans and animals when biting to take blood.

Can you get West Nile Virus from birds?

There is no evidence that a person can get West Nile Virus from infected live or dead birds. However, you should avoid direct skin contact with any dead animals, including birds, and use gloves or plastic bags when handling.

Can you get West Nile Virus from another person?

WNV is NOT transmitted from person-to-person. You can't get West Nile virus from touching or kissing a person who has the disease or from a health care worker who has treated someone with the disease.

What are the symptoms of West Nile Virus?

Most West Nile Virus infections are mild and symptoms may include fever, headache, body aches, skin rashes and swollen glands. Some people infected with the disease will show no symptoms. More severe cases will be characterized by headache, high fever, stiff neck, disorientation, muscle weakness, paralysis and, rarely, death. People over the age of 50 and those with weakened immune systems are at a higher risk for serious disease.

How is WNV treated?

There is no specific treatment for WNV, however, most people recover within two weeks. In more severe infections, intensive supportive therapy may be required.

Is there a vaccine to protect humans against West Nile Virus?

Currently, there is no vaccine, however several companies are conducting research on developing a vaccine for West Nile Virus.

West Nile Virus Prevention:

• The easiest and best way to avoid WNV is to prevent mosquito bites.
   

• While you are outdoors, use insect repellent containing an Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) registered active ingredient. Follow the directions on the package.
   

• Mosquitoes are most active at dusk and dawn. Be sure to use insect repellent and wear long sleeves and pants at these times or consider staying indoors during these hours.
   

• Maintain screening to exclude mosquitoes from your house.
   

• Prevent Mosquito breeding sites:

  • Eliminate standing water on your property by disposing of empty cans, buckets, old tires, garbage cans, etc. Those you want to save, turn upside down or punch holes in the bottom so water drains out.
     

  • Change water in bird baths at least once a week.
     

  • Clean clogged roof gutters.
     

  • Empty plastic pools when not in use.
     

  • Stock ornamental ponds with fish that eat mosquitoes.